synaptonemal complex การใช้

• Lateral ( axial ) elements of the synaptonemal complex are also formed.
• AtBRCA2 protein is required for proper localization of the synaptonemal complex protein AtZYP1 and the recombinases AtRAD51 and AtDMC1.
• In synaptonemal complexes of meiotic chromosomes, activated FANCD2 protein co-localizes with BRCA1 ( breast cancer susceptibility protein ).
• Meiosis in " T . thermophila " appears to employ a Mus81-dependent pathway that does not use a synaptonemal complex and is considered secondary in most other model eukaryotes.
• The synaptonemal complex ( SC ) was described by Montrose J . Moses in 1956 in primary spermatocytes of crayfish and by D . Fawcett in spermatocytes of pigeon, cat and man.
• In an " MSH4 " mutant of rice, chiasma frequency was dramatically decreased to about 10 % of the wild-type frequency, although the synaptonemal complex was normally installed.
• Three specific components of the synaptonemal complex have been characterized : SC protein-1 ( SYCP1 ), SC protein-2 ( SYCP2 ), and SC protein-3 ( SYCP3 ).
• Synapsis begins before the synaptonemal complex develops and is not completed until near the end of prophase I . Crossover usually occurs when matching regions on matching chromosomes break and then reconnect to the other chromosome.
• As seen with the electron microscope, the synaptonemal complex is formed by two " lateral elements ", mainly formed by SYCP3 and secondarily by SYCP2, a " central element " that contains at least two additional proteins and the amino terminal region of SYCP1, and a " central region " spanned between the two lateral elements, that contains the " transverse filaments " composed mainly by the protein SYCP1.
• One aspect of meiosis research ( in genetics, molecular biology, and reproductive medicine ) involving synaptonemal complexes is how they ( or what they do ) can be affected and damaged by chemical exposure, specifically by toxins like bisphenol A ( an experiment at Harvard Medical School by Dr . Monica Colai醕ovo, Ph . D ., an associate professor of genetics, involved dosing C . elegans worms with that toxin and then verifying the results in mouse studies ).